海地婦女談女權運動

Here, two Haitian bloggers write about International Women’s Day and the past, present and future of women’s liberation.

Edme回顧Marie Laurette Destin曾被一些人讚許為海地女權運動之母：

Edme remembers Marie Laurette Destin, credited by some as the mother of the Haitian feminist movement:

Laurette穿著如同明星寶狄瑞克...像個幽魂般遊走在太子港的街道裡，她那海上女妖般的歌聲，使周圍的人意亂情迷。

Laurette, done up like Bo Derek…wandered around the streets of Port-au-prince like a “ghost.” Her song was like a “siren’s” fascinating and troubling the men around her.

有些人非常不認同她的海地婦女解放運動(MLH)，認為其方法過度建立於法國婦女解放運動(MLF)的基礎上，Marie Laurette在某些人眼中是個異端人物，她冒著帶來西方奢靡風氣的風險，大大地開啟我們社會抗爭的一扇窗。

Some did not believe much in her MFH, whose methods were said to be too much based on the methods of MLF France [Movement for the Liberation of Women]. Marie Laurette was, in the eyes of some, a “heretical” figure; she who opened wide the skylight of our social battles at the risk of letting in a debauched air from the West.

然而在她更久之前，可追朔到如卡門波森(Carmen Boisson)、Gourdet St-Come女士、Paulette Poujol Oriol等名女人的軌跡，只有Laurette提出更多當代的需求，諸如身體自主及性自主的權力…

However, long before her, prestigious women like Carmen Boisson, madame Gourdet St-Come and Paulette Pouyol Oriol traced a path of light. Only Laurette made more modern demands like the right of women to use their bodies and make their own sexual choices…

當國民仍然活在軍事獨裁政權及低度開發的地獄之中時，談論婦女解放這種中產階級的概念，似乎是不正確的意識形態；但上述的女性們，不但極力爭取工農女性的解放，也同樣為男性爭取權力。

It was not ideologically correct to talk about women’s liberation, a bourgeois concept, while the “people” were still living in a hell of military dictatorship and underdevelopment. But women were above all fighting for the empancipation of the female workers, as well as the male, of women farmers, as well as the men.

同時另一位在Notedor.com書寫的海地部落客Nancy，對於某些認為女性不需要男性的女性主義學派做出評論：

Meanwhile another Haitian blogger, Nancy writing at Notedor.com, criticizes what she sees as a certain brand of feminism that claims women don’t need men.

今早有些女性在街上抗議當地企業的剝削，她們的觀點重新帶給我許多回憶與省思。

This morning in the street, some women were protesting against the ransacking of local cooperatives. Their perspective brought back many memories and reflections.

我看見自己手持抗議標語，與我所屬的已婚婦女(Femmes Engagées)團體一同要求正義，那天在抗議的途中，一群在我身旁的婦女們大喊：「從現在開始，我們不再需要男人。」我問她們，那麼我的丈夫與三個孩子會如何呢？她們沒有回答，且未曾想過她們的兒子。我們有著不同的目標，我們的行動裡缺乏凝聚性，我回了家，並悲傷的看待這次沒什麼意義的抗議活動。

I saw myself, protest sign in hand, out to reclaim justice with the “Femmes Engagées,” a group I belonged to. That day, on our way [to the protest], a group of women next to me shouted: “From now on, we don’t want men anymore.” I asked them what would happen to my husband and three sons? They had no answer, not having thought of their male children. [We] had different goals; there was no coherence in our actions. I went home, saddened to see the protestors had such little sense.

理所當然地，所有的解放運動都有他們的教條或無意的宣傳活動。某個美國的新女性主義認為，將任何動作都視為性騷擾，可以停止引發兩性間的冷戰－－當一名男子在調情時，為了避免遭指控性騷擾，他必須宣告追求之意圖…

Of course, all liberation movements have their dogmas or mindless propagandas. A certain neo-feminism in the US that [has made some] see harassent everywhere

has ended up creating a “Cold War” between the sexes. When a man flirts,

he must announce he is making a move in order not to run the risk of being sued for harrassment…

…但這樣過當的舉動，在所有政治及社會抗爭中都可發現，他們處於一個對多元性造成威脅的制度中，這是所有真實民主制度成型期的一部分…

…But this excess is found in all political and social struggles and, if they are not based in a system that can threaten pluralism, are a part of the adolescence of every real democracy…

Nancy感慨今日在海地的女性主義，並評論某些女性著重其「女性不需要男性」的誇張言論，而犧牲了她所謂的「實際問題」。

Nancy laments the state of feminism in Haiti, arguing that some women emphasize their rhetoric - women do not need men - at the expense of what she considers the “real problems.”

儘管我承認今日在關愛女性方面有巨大的進步，我卻注意到在我國某些女性的目標毫無改變，她們沒有走入實際問題的核心。重要的是某些可恥的法案被偷走了，你獨自提攜、扶養及教育的孩子，卻無法以帶著你的姓氏為榮？

And today, despite what I admit has been immense progress in favor of women, I notice that the goals of certain women in my country have hardly changed. They don’t go to the heart of the real problems. What does it matter that a few lousy bills were stolen, when the children you carried, raised and educated alone cannot have the honor of carrying your name?

我記得當我生了最小的孩子，市民服務因為我沒有丈夫，而拒絕給予我登記出生證明的權利時，我有多麼憤怒；但我在更早之前就知道，一個有外遇的丈夫可以不用出示合法的母親就有給予其血緣子女出生證明的權利，這豈不是讓人不可置信嗎？對兩個女性的羞辱，並盜取了會傷害孩子一生的身分證明。

I remember how infuriated I was when I had my youngest and the civil servant refused me the right to register for a birth certificate without my husband. But I learned a few days earlier that an unfaithful husband would have the right to give a birth certificate to his biological son, without presenting a legitimate mother. Isn’t that unbelievable? A lack of respect for the two women and a theft of identity that will harm the child for all of his life!

要讓社會變得平等且和諧仍然有許多事得做！我們的社會何時才會為女性實行具體又明確的措施呢？除非他們在我睡著時就達到了，但誰知道呢？我依舊沉睡著！

There is still so much to do for society to be equal and harmonious! When will concrete and fair steps be taken for the women in our country? Unless they get there while I am sleeping, who knows? I sleep so deeply!

醒醒吧，海地的婦女們！看在上帝的份上，你活在21世紀，當你歡慶今年國際婦女節的到來時，至少讓它有些價值。

Women of Haiti, wake up! You’re in the 21st century for Christ’s sake. When you celebrate the International Day of Women in the years to come, at least let it be worth something.

儘管目前有著可怕的問題、無數「Ginou」的沉默逝去，以及許多的矛盾，但這承自於上世紀「爭取婦女投票權抗議行動（suffragettes）」的女權運動，將有著充滿光明的未來。

In despite of the terrible problems of the hour, the silent deaths of numerous “Ginou,” and the contradictions, the women’s movement, beginning with our “suffragettes” of the last century, has a bright future ahead.

因為她們，包括組織與機構，比任何關心這個議題的人們都要更加長遠；同樣也是她們，包括這些聰穎、精彩的一個個典範，是海地的驕傲：被我們的政治迷夢焚燒、勇敢地帶進新典範的交易者；形塑未來命運的教育工作者；電視與報紙的新聞編輯與社論作家；我們自己混雜冒險體驗的小說家與說書人；牽繫著地方首長辦公室未來命運，東南方的女兒；基金會的執行長們；「國寶」們；展翅飛翔，足以觸及全球性機構高度的新聞記者；人權組織工作者－－我們共同的殘忍夢魘...

Because they include organizations that have been around longer than any others, but also because they include brilliant individuals that are the pride of our country: courageous traders burned by our own political illusions, educators forging destiny, editorialists of the spoken and written press, novelists and storytellers of our hybrid adventures, daughter of the South east with a gubernatorial destiny, directors of fondations, “national living treasures,” a high-flying journalist who has reached the heights of global organization, human rights organizers - the nightmare of our brutes in uniform…

海地人體認到，每位女性都是這個我們經常鄙視的國家的驕傲。

The Haitian people recognize all of these women who are the pride of our so often disparaged country.